1650 B.C.
The Kingdom of Kush (1700-1500 B.C.) conducted raids against Egypt and was a threat to Thebes.
About this time a mysterious group of warriors called Hyksos invaded the Nile Delta and ruled it for a century. Recent excavation at Avaris in Egypt produced artifacts identical to those found in Ashkelon supporting a belief the Hyksos came from near Ashkelon, Canaania. It is noteworthy that the Egyptians were having trouble with the Canaanites for the past three hundred years being cursed by the Pharaohs of the 12 dynasty.
Before the time of Moses during the eighteenth century the Egyptian code of conduct used to judge the dead in the Hall of Judgment in Egypt would be recorded. It would appear that God did not judge man but rather man would apply the code through self-confession. His heart would then be weighed and his soul would stand as witness. They believed in a heaven and some form of underworld including a pit of fire. The definition of underworld varied over time.
EGYPTIAN CODE OF CONDUCT RULES OF ANTIQUITY
You shall not foul running water. Foul not the environment
You shall not be deaf to words of Honesty, truth and right
right and truth.
You shall not act without due consideration.
You shall not pollute yourself. Make yourself lovable
You shall not lose your temper.
You shall not utter vile or evil words.
You shall not multiply your speech beyond
what should be said.
You shall not exalt your speech.
You shall not behave with insolence.
You shall not become angry.
You shall not give way to wrath (vengeance)
without due cause.
You shall not act with violence.
CHRISTIAN LAW
You shall not make any man to be afraid. Love your neighbor as yourself
You shall not make another person to weep.
You shall not practice favoritism.
You shall not do violence to any man.
You shall not do evil acts.
HEBREW LAW
You shall not look upon evil. You shall have no gods except Yahweh.
You shall not take vengeance on God.
You shall not slaughter animals that is the
possession of God.
You shall not think scorn of the spirit-god
of the city.
You shall not utter curses against You shall not make yourself a carved image.
that which belongs to God and is
with you.
You shall not steal things that belong
to God.
You shall not utter curses against God. You shall not utter the name of Yahweh your
You shall not utter blasphemies. God to misuse it.
Remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy.
Honor your father and your mother.
You shall not kill man or woman. You shall not kill.
You shall not commit fornication. You shall not commit adultery.
You shall not commit sodomy.
You shall not steal. You shall not steal.
You shall not carry off goods by force.
You shall not carry off food by force.
You shall not steal with violence.
You shall not make light the bushel.
You shall not act deceitfully. You shall not bear false witness.
You shall not utter falsehoods.
You shall not set your mouth in motion
against any man.
You shall not pry into matters to make mischief.
You shall not utter curses against the King.
You shall invade no mans land. You shall not covet your neighbor’s house.
You shall not laid waste the lands that has been
ploughed.
You shall not lay with the wife of a man. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife.
You Shall not covet your neighbor’s servant.
You shall not increase your wealth You Shall not covet your neighbors ox or
except by means of your own possessions. donkey.
You shall not carry off goods by force. You Shall not covet anything that is your
You shall not commit fraud. neighbors.
1,647 B.C.
A volcanic eruption destroyed the Late Bronze Age culture of the Island of Santorini, Greece. Carbon dating of ash fall out in Iceland dates this to 1650 B.C.
1,646 B.C.
(2nd) King Da Ding or Tai Ding of the Shang Dynasy of China is made king and likely reigned 10 years (1,646-1636 B.C.)
1,635 B.C.
(3rd) King Wai Bing of the Shang Dynasty of China ruled 2 years (1,635-1,633 B.C.) His older brother Bu Bing likely died earlier.
1,632 B.C.
(4th) King Tai Jia of the Shang Dynasty of China ruled 12 years (1632-1,620 B.C.)
1,630 B.C.
Egyptian Pharaoh Tuthmosis or Thutmose III (Menkheperre) (1504/1479-1450/1425 B.C.) or Pellegrino theory (1657/1630-1603 B.C.) Dynasty 18. He is regarded as a military Pharaoh. During this reign 17 missions are conducted into Syria-Palestine. The Pharaoh Tuthmosis III (Thutmose) began organizing the ruling structures in both Syria and Palestine. During the past 100 years the Egyptians had been conducting punitive raids into these territories against the foreign countries (Hyksos) that continue to attack Egypt. These punitive raids are punishment for the invasion and domination of Egypt by the Hyksos (1900-1730) or (1674-1558 B.C.). This great humiliation would drive Egypt to secure her northern boundaries using foreign armies where possible. It is noteworthy that during his reign the famous papyrus the Capture of Joppa is written. Some believe this is the base for the Trojan Horse story and the tale of Ali Baba.
1,629 B.C.
The Asiatic gathered at Armageddon (Har-Megedon) under three kings of Palestine, Syria and Kadesh (Sinai Peninsula). The king of Kadesh (land south of Palestine) had brought three hundred Asiatic princes with their own armies into the battle. Some believe the true enemies of Egypt are not the Sematic-Canaanites or Amorites but the Hurri-Mitannians long entrenched in these regions. The Hurrian is established in Armenia. The Egyptian Pharaoh Tuthmosis III (Thutmose) of the 18th dynasty defeated them all at Armageddon taking their princes to Egypt as hostages. It is believed it took 17 years to secure complete control of the region. The Pharaoh believed these Asiatic is barbarian because of ignorance so he educated them and treated them as equals to his own sons.
Pharoah (King) Tuthmosis III (Thutmose)conventional (1483-1450) (1490-1436 B.C.) (1504-1450 B.C.) or (1657-1603 B.C.) or Pellegrino theory (1630/1628-1610 B.C.) Dynasty 18 led his army against the rebel fortress of Tjel. He then took Gaza and departed for Yehem. The Egyptians then besieged the Kadesh at Megiddo (Armageddon). The capture of Megiddo is the capture of a thousand towns. Battles are fought in the area of Wan near Aleppo and Carchemish.
It is noteworthy that when the Egyptian Pharaoh Tuthmosis (Thutmose) III of the 18 Dynasty sent the reeducated Princes (Israel Sect?) back to Canaan (Palestine) the earth swallowed their footsteps. This likely represents a rejection of Egyptian Philosophy and culture. It is noteworthy that Israelites didn't exist at this time.
1,628 B.C.
Pharaoh Tuthmosis III (Thutmose) conventional (1483-1450) (1490-1436 B.C.) (1504-1450 B.C.) or (1657/1630-1603 B.C.) or Pellegrino theory (1628-1610 B.C.) Dynasty 18 of Egypt began a seventeen year campaign to compensate for their humiliation at the hands of Palestine (Hyksos). Tuthmosis III became Pharaoh at age 12 years. They dominated Palestine, Syria and the coastal strip of Lebanon. Some paleontologists differ with Egyptologists and place Tuthomosis reign as about 1628 B.C. based on fallout from the Thera volcano of 1628 B.C. The Semitic speaking Canaanites, Amorites and non-Semitic Hurri-Mitannians currently inhabits Syria. The Mitannians kept Alalah and Karkemish. Some claim the Semitic speaking Israelites claiming to be descendants of Abraham are in Canaan worshipping the Great Gods El later called Elohim or Elyon meaning 'all the Gods'. There however is nothing to support this belief. The Semitic-Judahians descendants of Aramaean Semitic people are firmly established in Egypt.
Archaeology suggests the Thera (Greece) volcano of 1628 B.C. placed its signature throughout the middle east in the form of fallout providing a more accurate time line for artifacts and historical events. This theory caused much anguish among other scientists. Recent research (2006) places the volcanic eruption that buried the Island Santorini (Thera) Greece between 1,627 and 1,600 B.C. Carbon dating of ash fall out in Iceland dates this to 1650 B.C. but disproven. Others suggest the Thera volcano aka Santorini erupted in 1620 B.C. sending a 60 foot tsunami to the Island of Crete destroying the Minoan culture.
The Minoan culture is centered in Crete. They occupied the Island of Thera (Thira) North of Crete that is ten miles in diameter, dominated by a mile high volcano mountain. Thera (Thira) exploded in one of the most massive eruptions ever known, blasting away some thirty-two cubic miles of the island leaving a string of five small islands now known as Santorini. Others believe the eruption occurred in 1650, 1645, 1630,1625 to 1600. Carbon dating of ash fall out in Iceland dates this to 1650 B.C. but this was linked to Alaskia. Massive tidal waves between two and three hundred feet high crashed ashore at many points in the Mediterranean. Some believe the Greek philosopher Plato in 360 B.C. writing about the legendary culture of Atlantis is referring to Thera and the decline of the Minoan culture after the explosion. The legend of Atlantis began circulating in Egypt about 1,000 B.C. and is discovered by the Anatolia (Greek) in 570 B.C. The Egyptians record darkness throughout the land, and plagues as a result of volcanic debris. It is noteworthy that the Minoan culture had bathtubs, flush toilets and a form of central heating. Some suggest they are using quartz lens. They also had the first form of writing in Europe, likely about 3,000 B.C.
Amos the prophet writing in the eight century B.C. (750's B.C.) linked the migration of Hebrews from Egypt with the migration of the Philistines from Crete (Kaphtor or Caphtor) to the day when lands melted (Thera volcano) and the sea rose up to terrorize the Earth (it rose up like a flood). Genesis 10:14 claims the Philistines came from Crete, the Minoan Island. This is likely the source for the Roman historian’s belief that the Hebrew originated from the Philistines.
The Chinese at this time write; ice formed in summer mornings and frost in July. Hot and cold weather arrived in disorder. Five cereal crops withered and died. This disorder lasted for seven years. Many people starved, warred and returned to tribal nomads.
Thera volcanic (1628 B.C.) fallout evidence suggests the Egyptian pharaoh at this time is King Tuthmosis III (Thutmose) conventional (1483-1450) (1490-1436 B.C.) (1504-1450 B.C.) or (1657/1630-1603 B.C.) or Pellegrino theory (1628-1610 B.C.) Dynasty 18. He had placed his armies along the coast from Egypt to Canaan that is likely destroyed by the Theran tsunamis. The Greek historian in 60 B.C. supports this Egyptian army being drowned. This is likely one of the basis for the Exodus legend. It is also noteworthy that until about 1300 B.C. the Canaan region remained a part of the Egyptian Empire. The mythical Biblical Joseph (ca. 1730-1620) and the great famine throughout the middle east being especially bad in Canaan resulted in the migration of Joseph's family to Egypt as honored guests. Josephs father Jacob (1758-1628) at this time is claimed to be 130 years old.
1,627 B.C. to 1,620 B.C. which is usually the default date for the incident.
The volcanic Island of Santorini aka Thera in the Aegean Sea erupted destroying the nearby islands. Modern science estimates it was four times what was thrown into the stratosphere by Krakatoa in 1883, a well known event. The actual dating is in question but it is believed to date between 1627 and 1600 B.C. The explosion could be heard in Egypt. The resulting tsunami devastated the coastal towns of Crete. The ash fell east and north east of the Minoan Island Thera.
Between (1627-1625) global cooling resulted from the Thera volcano. American tree ring analysis supported this opinion. In 1618 China reports were accompanied by tales of "yellow fog, a dim sun, then three suns, frost in July, famine, and the withering of all five cereals."
Mt. Saniorini aka Thera in the Aegean Sea in Greece erupted and is the largest in 10,000 years. It likely caused the end of the Minoan culture on the Island of Crete when a tsunami struck. The volcano Thera, or Santorini in the Aegean Sea, erupted. Akroteri, a Minoan city on the south part of Thera, is being excavated. About 3-6 feet (1-2 m) of ash fell on the city which had a population of about 30,000. The explosion of Thera about this time released energy equal to 200,000 H-bombs. It is estimated to be 4 times the eruption of Krakatona of 1883. The actual dating of the even is in question and modern science places it as between (1627-1600 B.C.)
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